Imagine it like a ladder that is twisted into a spiral shape. This ladder has two sides and “rungs.” The sides of the ladder are made of sugar and phosphates, and the “rungs” are made of pairs of small pieces called bases.

There are four types of bases:

Adenine (A),
Thymine (T),
Cytosine (C),
Guanine (G).

Adenine always binds to thymine (AT), and cytosine binds to guanine (CG).

DNA is like a code that tells our bodies what to do. Think of DNA as a “blueprint” that tells cells how to make proteins, which are the “building blocks” of our bodies.

DNA is important because it contains all the information about who we are! It controls how we develop, what we look like, and even some of the abilities we have.